A rectangle, not a square: 50 mm wide by 70 mm high (2 x 2 3/4 inches). The face, measured from chin to crown, takes up 31 to 36 mm of that height.
Children and babies use the same size. The face and shoulders must be centered and square to the camera, and you need 2 identical prints for each application.
Source: canada.ca, Oct 25, 2026
No. IRCC says the photo must be taken in person by a commercial photographer or photo studio and professionally printed on plain, high-quality photo paper. Home prints are refused.
The studio writes or stamps the date and its name and full address on the back of one print. For a new passport, your guarantor also certifies that photo as a true likeness and signs it; adults renewing do not need a guarantor.
Source: canada.ca, Oct 25, 2026
Not at all. IRCC treats any change as an alteration and rejects the application: adjusting color, brightness, contrast or sharpness, cutting the person out onto a white background, recoloring clothes, removing shadows from the background, or retouching red eye, glare, scars or birthmarks. Software, filters and AI tools are all covered.
Source: canada.ca, Oct 25, 2026
A JPEG in portrait orientation with a 3:2 aspect ratio, from 1,200 x 1,800 pixels up to 3,000 x 4,500 pixels (width by height), between 200 KB and 5 MB, with the head filling 45% to 50% of the height.
It still comes from a commercial photographer, saved straight from the camera’s original file, and you type in the studio’s name, address and the photo date when you upload it. Online renewal is open only with a home and mailing address in Canada and a passport expiring within 6 months or already expired.
Sources: canada.ca (pages 1, 2), Oct 25, 2026
A newborn can sit in a car seat with a white blanket over the seat behind the head, as long as no shadows fall around the ears, on the face or on the background. No hands, the parent’s or the baby’s, may show.
IRCC allows some range in an infant’s expression. A child passport cannot be renewed, so each new one needs new photos.
Sources: canada.ca (pages 1, 2), Oct 25, 2026